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Cardiac tamponade occurs when fluid accumulates in the pericardium, preventing the heart from functioning properly. Excessive pressure restricts the filling of the heart’s ventricles and can lead to potentially fatal cardiogenic shock. Main causes

Pericarditis (inflammation of the lining of the heart) caused by a virus, bacteria, or autoimmune disease

Chest trauma causing internal bleeding

Postoperative complications after heart surgery

Cancer that can affect the pericardium

Kidney failure leading to toxin accumulation and pericardial effusion